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Standards and Practices for Creating Quality Digital Objects

These are the standards and practices followed by East Texas A&M University when creating a digital collection

Copy Photography


Traditional flatbed scanners work very well for capturing images, documents, and other flat media of a certain size, but there may be times when it is not possible to capture an image of an object with a scanner due to irregular shape, large size, location etc.  The largest flatbed scanners typically have a scanning surface of 12” X 17”.  Overhead scanners do provide some capability to scan larger or three-dimensional objects but they are often prohibitively expensive for some, particularly smaller organizations with limited resources.  A digital camera can be a cost-effective way to capture images that cannot be scanned with a flatbed scanner.

                When selecting a digital camera, it is a good idea to buy the best that your budget will allow.  One of the most obvious specs to consider regarding digital cameras is Megapixels.  Digital images are composed of tiny dots called pixels.   One Megapixel equals 1 million pixels.  The following chart gives a frame of reference for how the Megapixel count of a camera affects the image quality:

Pixels

Megapixels

Max Print Size at 300dpi (Inches)

640 x 480

.3

1.6 x 2.1 (good for web, email, and powerpoint only)

1024 x 768

.8

2.6 x 3.4

1280 x 960

1.2

3.2 x 4.3

*1600 x 1200

1.9 ~ 2

4 x 5.3

2048 x 1536

3.1

5 x 6.8

2272 x 1704

3.9 ~ 4

5.7 x 7.6

2304 x 1728

3.9 ~ 4

5.8 x 7.7

2560 x 1920

4.9 ~ 5

6.4 x 8.5

2592 x 1944

5.0

6.5 x 8.6

3072 x 2048

6.3

6.8 x 10.2

 

Guidelines for Copy Photography


 

Master

Access

Thumbnail

File Format

TIFF

JPEG

JPEG or GIF

Bit Depth

 24 Bit Color

 24 Bit Color

24 Bit Color

Resolution

Highest Possible

 300 ppi

72 ppi

Dimensions

100% of Original Size

long side of image-about 600 pixels

long side of the image-150-200 pixels

Copy photography is somewhat trickier than scanning due to inconsistencies with lighting/other environmental factors.  We found that white lights placed on either side of the object being photographed produces satisfactory results.