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EDAD Research & Writing

Research guide for EDAD Course

Research Methods


Research methods are techniques and procedures used to conduct research and gather data. They are essential for investigating hypotheses, exploring new ideas, and acquiring knowledge across various fields. Each research method has its strengths and limitations, and the choice of method often depends on the research question, objectives, and the nature of the phenomena being studied.

This page covers: 

Qualitative Research


  • Purpose: To explore concepts, understand experiences, and gain insights into complex phenomena.
  • Methods:
    • Interviews: Structured, semi-structured, or unstructured conversations with participants.
    • Focus Groups: Group discussions guided by a facilitator to explore a specific topic.
    • Observations: Systematic recording of behaviors or events in their natural context.
    • Case Studies: In-depth analysis of a single case or a small group of cases.
    • Content Analysis: Systematic examination of communication artifacts, such as texts or media.
  • Data: Rich, detailed descriptions and themes.

Quantitative Research


  • Purpose: To quantify variables and identify patterns or relationships using statistical methods.
  • Methods:
    • Surveys and Questionnaires: Tools for collecting numerical data from a large number of respondents.
    • Experiments: Controlled studies to determine causality by manipulating variables.
    • Longitudinal Studies: Research conducted over a long period to observe changes over time.
    • Cross-Sectional Studies: Observations or measurements taken at one point in time to examine relationships.
  • Data: Numerical data suitable for statistical analysis.

Mixed Methods Research


  • Purpose: To combine qualitative and quantitative approaches to provide a more comprehensive understanding of a research problem.
  • Methods: Integration of qualitative and quantitative data collection and analysis techniques.
  • Data: Both numeric and narrative data.